After the Pontic Kingdom's defeat and northern Anatolia's integration into the Roman Empire in 64/63 BCE, the region experienced an urban transformation. The victorious Pompey founded Pompeiopolis as one of seven new cities. This book publishes seminal fieldwork conducted at Pompeiopolis (2006-2016) with comparative studies on Roman cities that lays the groundwork for future research on the development of urban landscapes in the Roman East.