Robert Livingston was a high school history teacher in Los Angeles for thirty-eight years. He taught U.S. History and Government, Economics, and Comparative Religions. In retirement, he joined a local Kiwanis Club and supervised three high school Key Clubs. He has written four books, each of which explores America's racial history in the military and in professional sports. He has written extensively on the causes of World War I and the reasons behind Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. He is currently writing a book on the New Deal and its impact on Black Americans.