As political theology has become dominant and people question how the church and state should relate to one another, a historical foundation is required in order for the discussion to move forward. As people look to argue for a view consistent with the Magisterial Reformers, it is important to know what the Magisterial Reformers, such as Peter Martyr Vermigli, actually believed. Moreover, in order to know what a Baptist approach might look like, it is important to see what a prototypical Baptist like Gill argued for. This project, therefore, aims to be a resource to those involved in this discussion, showing them that the response to church and state relations have varied significantly due to different historical, confessional, and social contexts. To do this, the project employs historical and theological methods to surveys different figures and/or movements throughout history to see their view on the church's relationship to the state.